Microsoft vs. Linux


May 18, 2002

Microsoft, one of the biggest advocates of anti-piracy legislation, appears to be playing on both sides of the fence. Apparently Microsoft was convicted of violating intellectual property laws (to use the term Microsoft uses: piracy) in France. What is really surprising in this turn of events is that somehow this conviction escaped notice by the press. You can read more about this here...Microsoft convicted of software piracy..

In the Microsoft case, much to Microsoft's dismay, Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly decided to allow a late entry from the states that are continuing to dispute the remedy's already agreed upon by Microsoft, the DOJ and 9 of the original 18 states involved in the suit. Apparently a modular version of Windows is not only possible but already exists, in a test form. In fact Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly has decided to admit this evidence stating that this is information that is important for the court to have. Read more here..Judge sets scene for battle over modular Windows

by Jay Fougere / iEntry Staff Editor

Recent studies have shown that using Linux throughout your enterprise can lower IT costs (TCO- Total Cost of Ownership) for your organization by as much as 34%. In fact, because Linux does not require hardware upgrades nearly as frequently as proprietary systems, even more savings can theoretically be achieved over the long run.

These are the results of a study performed by Cybersource, an independent consulting agency (cyber.com.au). In fact, contrary to Microsoft's claim that initial licensing cost amounts to only about 8% of the TCO of software (see Microsoft's letter to Congressman Villanueva ), Cybersource shows in their study that over a three year span (the average life cycle of proprietary operating systems and software) that the initial licensing costs can make up as much as 28% of the cost of maintaining these systems, if purchased with new hardware. That figure climbs to over 38% when existing hardware is used. These are not the trivial figures which Microsoft would have you believe.

The whitepaper, available from Cybersource (see Linux_vs_Windows) is thorough and gives full explanations of how the results of this study are calculated.

Licensing is only one small part of the big picture when one is considering a major transition in infrastructure. Many other factors come in to play, most of which are more of a concern to today's IT shops.

Security and Liability
One issue which comes to mind is security. Security has become a buzzword in the IT industry lately. First of all, let me say that no software is 100% secure and comparing two different software programs in terms of security is very difficult. No security professional can honestly say that one system is more secure than the other. The security of a system depends entirely on how well the system is configured after it has been installed. Even after the initial installation, patches and fixes will need to be applied once they become available.

Rather than try to compare apples and oranges with regard to security, you instead may want to have a closer look at liability. Many software vendors (Microsoft) would have you believe that because there is no single company that owns Linux, there is no accountability in the case of a security breach or other system problem for that matter. What Microsoft neglects to tell you is that if you adhere to their EULA (End User License Agreement-- look at SystemrootSystem32eula.txt on your Windows system), they are no more accountable for lost productivity, lost data, or any incidental or consequential damages than Open Source software. In fact, other than replacement of defective media, Microsoft claims no responsibility for anything that may happen as a result of using their software.

Support
Support is an issue that many IT managers are (rightly) concerned about. I know that most distributions will offer some installation support (usually 60 or 90 days by email), but will also offer enterprises pay-per-incident and pay by the hour support. In fact, I recently read a very informative article by Network Computing that gave a very positive impression of companies that offer Linux support. You can find that article here...(see 'Team' Work Pays Off for Linux ). It sounds as though Network Computing had much better luck with their Linux support issues than I received from Microsoft the two or three times that I called (just for the record, those of you Windows zealots who claim that getting a lost CD replaced by Microsoft is a walk in the park, you must enjoy things like gargling with razor blades; five phone calls to different numbers and two hours on the phone and there was still no help to be found).

Applications
Another argument that I hear very often is that Linux has a limited number of applications. This depends entirely on what you intend to do with your computers. There are many applications now available for Linux that integrate Linux desktops into Windows networks. The first that comes to mind is Codeweaver's CrossOver plugin. This fine little piece of code allows Linux users to run Microsoft Office 97 and 2000 on Linux machines (you can find out more at Codeweaver's site...(see Linux Users To Run MS Office & Lotus Notes Without Windows). You can also look to Ximian for their Ximian Connector; a similar product to Codeweaver's Crossover plugin, Ximian's Connector allows Linux users to access a Microsoft Exchange server for email, calendaring, etc...(see Ximian Connector for Microsoft Exchange).

There are other ways of running Windows applications on Linux as well. The Wine project, although not near perfect, has made improvements by leaps and bounds in the past year. Wine and its associated documentation can be found here...(see WINE). If you need a little more versatile version of Wine, Transgaming's Winex does a really nice job running Windows applications. Winex is based on Wine (although Winex is proprietary) and was designed to allow gamers to play their Windows game releases on Linux. However, it is not limited to games and it may be the answer for that one Windows application that you or your users cannot live without.

Directory services is often times a necessary application for large networks. If your business depends on directory services, the only option that I know of is (not free or Open Source) Novell's eDirectory. The one really nice feature of eDirectory (in my eyes) is that it runs on several different platforms, greatly reducing the burden of integrating Linux and Windows workstations. This may be worth consideration. You can find out more at Novell's site...(see Novell eDirectory 8.6.2).

If you have custom software that was written for Windows on which your business depends, Linux may not be a good choice for you. On the other hand, porting a custom application can often times be much less expensive than the costs associated with a Microsoft upgrade (especially if hardware is involved). If you have developers working "in-house" you can have them porting software to Linux and testing it long before you intend to migrate.

Migration From Windows to Linux
Speaking of migration, one of the biggest arguments from the Windows camp is that the cost to migrate from Windows to Linux is prohibitive. In response, I would like to mention that those costs are not going to go down in the future, but Microsoft is going to keep forcing upgrades which will probably far outweigh the costs associated with a migration. It seems to me that biting the bullet now can prevent you from being locked into a situation you can't get out of later. Also, there are many tools available that can assist you with your migrations from Windows to Linux...(see LSP: migrate from Windows NT to Linux).

Quality/Usability of Applications
The quality of applications for Linux has improved dramatically over the past few years, so that the argument that Open Source is simply not on par with commercial software is a blatant falsehood. If you don't believe me, would you believe Microsoft? An internal memo was leaked around the end of October, 1998 which described the threat of Open Source software (OSS). In the memo, which later became dubbed "The Halloween Documents", Microsoft personnel claim that "Recent case studies (the Internet) provide very dramatic evidence in customer's eyes that commercial quality can be achieved / exceeded by OSS projects." and "Another barrier to entry that has been tackled by OSS is project complexity. OSS teams are undertaking projects whose size & complexity had heretofore been the exclusive domain of commercial, economically-organized/motivated development teams. Examples include the Linux Operating System and Xfree86 GUI." You can find the original Halloween Documents with commentary here...(see The Halloween Documents).

Now, I used Linux back in 1999 and it was nothing like the Linux that is available today, in terms of graphical user environments and end user usability. The Kompany, a German software company, has recently released the third evolution of their KDE (K Desktop Environment). The reason that I mention this piece of software is that it is every bit as intuitive as Microsoft's offerings, and much better looking by many accounts. If you are worried about the learning curve involved with moving your employees from Windows to Linux, you should not have a difficult time getting users to adjust to this great desktop environment. I wrote an article discussing KDE3 in which I tried an experiment. I invited my good friend Peter Thiruselvam to try out a brand new KDE3 installation. Peter had never before used Linux and what he had to say about it may quell some of your worries. See the article here...(see Introducing KDE3).

If KDE3 is not up your alley, there is always Ximian's Gnome desktop. This is another easy to use desktop environment that will require very little training to bring your end users up to speed.

In Closing
If you are seriously considering a transition to Linux, below are some links that will get you started. For ease of integration I would suggest testing several different distributions to see which have features that you will rely on. For instance, Lycoris Linux (formerly Redmond Linux) has a very nice interface for browsing Windows networks set up by default. If ease of installation is an important factor, there are several distributions available that I can easily recommend as being as easy or easier to install than Windows products. Lycoris, SuSE, RedHat, and Mandrake come to mind immediately, although there are many others as well.

If rolling out large numbers of preconfigured desktops is important to you, RedHat may be a good choice. With it's very easy to use KickStart configuration tool, setting up automated installations is a snap, whether you are installing from CD, FTP or an NFS file share.

You may find that one distribution suits one department in your organization while another distribution may work better in another department. Interoperability will remain consistent (within reason -- KickStart files are not going to work with distributions other than RedHat, naturally) so you can make that choice if you need to. That is the beauty of Linux -- choice.

With the involvement that many large vendors are promoting, it only makes sense to consider Linux. It is not just a geeks toy anymore, but rather a powerful, secure, and stable operating system. But don't take my word for it, check out Linux offerings from IBM, HP, Dell, Compaq and many, many more. Linux is coming to the desktop whether you are ready for it or not; be ready.

In summary, when you consider the cost, security and liability, support and usability of Linux when compared to other operating systems, you can quickly see how a move to Linux can be beneficial to you and your company. Considering the options, all that you may be giving up is proprietary file formats and an endless cycle of "upgrades" that may or may not offer any value to your users.

iEntry, Inc. provided this and many other very useful and informative articles through their free news letter. Take advantage of it and order it for yourself. This one was of such significant importance that I preserved it here for your use.

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The world gets crazier and crazier everyday, doesn't it? The world that many of us thought was there, isn't. The bottom has dropped out of everything. The illusions have been revealed, we have found out who has been pulling the strings behind the scenes. Millions have lost their jobs, have mortgage problems, and foreclosure. What can be done? Amazingly, we have been mislead. We have been taught that we can control government by voting. The founder of the Rothschild dynasty, Mayer Amschel Bauer, told the secret of controlling the government of a nation over 200 years ago. He said, "Permit me to issue and control the money of a nation and I care not who makes its laws." Get the picture? Your freedom hinges first on the nation's banks and money system. It's all about 'commerce'. Freedom is connected with Debt Elimination for each individual. Not only does this end personal debt, it places the people first in line as creditors to the National Debt ahead of the banks. They don't wish for you to know this. It has to do with recognizing WHO you really are in A New Beginning: A Practical Course in Miracles, an informational study. Is your credit rating bad for reasons that seem out of your control? There are ways of credit repair, so you can men those broken fences too. Do you want to keep your children protected from outside forces, there are ways of protecting your children. Do you want to keep your sons and daughters free from 'the draft'? Check this out.

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